Oil burner



- Feb. 4, 1936.

OIL BURNER Filed June 23, 1932 wlTNEssEs @Zahl A .WMM/W ATToFNEYsPatented Feb. 4,1936

UNITED STATES OIL BURNER Frank Cozzoli,

Plainfield, N. J.

Application June 23, 1932, Serial No. 618,988

5 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burners and particularly to an improvedhearth therefor, the object being to provide an improved constructionwhich is simple and which provides a quick carburetion of the oil.

Another object `of the invention is to provide an improved hearthstructure for oil burners wherein the heated portion of the hearthstructure is supported and insulated in sucha way that the heat isprevented from passing downwardly.

A further object, more specifically, is to provide a hearth structurefor oil burners wherein a fire ring is presented having portions fordirecting unused oil to a discharge point, and fingers for producing abetter mixture of the oil and air during the carburetting action.

In the accompanying drawing.-

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through the lower partof thefurnace and a burner disclosing` an embodiment of the invention.

Figure 2 is a sectional view through Figure 1 approximately on line 2-2.

Referring to the accompanying drawing by numerals, I indicates the lowerpart of a domestic furnace of any desired kind, as, for instance, anordinary steam heating furnace now in common use. It will be understoodthat the burner embodying the invention may be used with this kind offurnace orA other devices without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

As illustrated particularly in Figure 1, the

burner is provided with an electric motor 2 for driving the rotatingoil-distributing head 3. The motor 2 and associated parts are allcarried by a number of supports 3'. In the accompanying drawing onlythree supports have been shown but itis evident that more may be used,if desired. Each of the supports 3 is preferably placed on an asbestospad l to lreduce the noise. Each support 3' consists of a tubular member5 having a threaded rod 6 slidingly mounted therein and supported on thetubular member 5 by a nut 1 screwed onto the rod 6. A shoulder 8 isprovided on rod 6, said shoulderacting as a support for the bracket 3formed preferably integral with the casting I8 hereinafter fullydescribed. A nut acts to clamp the bracket 9 firmly against the shoulder8, while the threaded reduced portion I 2 extends upwardly and is formedwith a socket carrying an asbestos cushion member I3 which fits into asocket I3 formed'on an annular metal plate Il, which plate supports anannular ring I5 of fire clay, cement or otherdesired material which actsas a heat insulation. Plate I4 is pro# vided with an annular flange I6having a depending portion I1 which may act as a drip for directing theoil into the groove I8 in the casing I0. An annular drain ring I 9 isfitted over the upper part of the central portion of ring I5 and isprovided with a flange 20 overlapping the flange I5. A fire ring 2| isprovided and the oil is sprayed against it through the various noazlesYor openings 22 formed in the head 3. The re ring 2| is provided with agrooved annular portion 23 which merges o into an upstanding inclinedwall 24, and also into an inclined ring section 25, having an annularnotch 26into which one edge of the ring I9 fits. thus permitting oilfrom the groove 23 to flow on to the ring I9 Without coming in contactwith 10 the cement or other lling I5. The upper part of the wall 24 ofthe ring 2| is provided with a number of slots 26' whereby air ispermitted to more readily mix with the sprayed oil, and to thereby lassist in producing perfect combustion. 5-

After the burner has become heated to a propler temperature the ame willusually begin a short distance beyond the upper edge of ring 2| andextend upwardly, and usually in an `arc. shaped path inwardly, so as tomake an inverted 20 bowl-shaped flame. An ignition device 21 is providedat a desired point, the' same being shown in Figure 1 as a gas jetconnected by suitable piping 28 to a suitable gas supply, though anelectric device could be used if preferred. This gas jet 25 presents asmall pilot name 29 which will readily ignite the oil when the furnaceis rst started. AfterA it is started the same will automatically igniteitself and burn as long as the parts are functioning properly. 30

' The head 3 is adapted to rotate at a prescribed speed, the same beingrigidly secured in any desired manner to a shaft 30 which is connectedrigidly in any desired manner to an armature of the electric motor 2,which motor is bolted or 35 otherwise secured to the casting III. Smallair vents 3| are provided in the casting I II so as to keep the upperpart of the motor cool. Air from the openings 3| passes through opening32 of the drip ring 33 and mixes with the air from the 4U annularpassageway 3|, which air may pass through the opening 35 into the head3, and also through the opening 36 over plate I3 to the ring 2| formixing with the oil in order to properly support combustion. The castingIII is provided 45 with a bracket 9 for each of the posts 3' and with-an annular groove I8, said groove gradually changes from a shallowgroove at one side to a deeper groove on the other side. At the deepestpart of the groove there is provided a discharge 0 opening' fordirecting the oil to a discharge point. From Figure 1, it will be notedthat .the oil passes into the burner through the supply pipe 39, saidoil moving under any desired pressure, as, for instance, the pressureproduced by gravity u where the supply of oil is slightly above the head3. 'Ihe oil passing through pipe 29 passes through passageway 4.0 of thevalve I I and thence through passageway I2 to passageway l2, and then topipe M, which pipe extends upwardly and w annular groove or cup-shapedportion of the bottom plate 46 of the head 3. When the burner isfunctioning properly, the oil will be quickly -thrown out through theapertures 22 through centrifugal action and also through the action ofthe various blades 41, which blades have a .straight section 48 and acurved vsection 49. ,In

this way the oil is sprayed as it leaves the apertures or nozzles 22 andstrikes the wall 24 where it vaporizes and mixes with the air so as tobe readily ignited during the functioning of the burner.

If for any reason too much oil is fed into the burner or the burnershould not function properly, the oil may readily drip from the groove45 on to the ring 33 and in case the oil accumulates in groove 23, itmay readily ow over the ring section 25 and the ring I9 so as to dropdown into the groove i8. Oil flowing in this path will eventually iiowout through a suitable discharge Opening.

When the burner is functioning properly oil is discharged at the desiredrate into the groove 45, andthis oil with some air is forced bycentrifugal action and the blades 41 outwardly with considerable force.'Ihe plate 46 is preferably rigidly connected with the blades 41 and isbolted or otherwise rigidly secured to the plates 61, which plates inturn are riveted or otherwise rigidly secured to the central fitting 68.'lhe central fitting is threade.` to or otherwise secured to the shaft30 of the motor 2. In this way, the motor 2 supports the vhead 3 andalso rotates the same. Preferably, an asbestos .pad or sheeting'69 ismounted on top of the plates 61 so that none of the oil or air can passupwardly but must pass outwardly.

As heretofore mentioned, the passageway 34 permits sufficient air toenter to properly support combustion. However, sometimes it may be ydesirable' to regulate the volume of air entering and when'this is true,the regulating ring or damper 10 is moved. This regulating ring ordamper is an annularring having an annular depending flange 1|, thelower edge of which rests on a number of supporting pins 12. A manuallyactuated locking screw 13 is threaded into the flange 1| and pressesagainst the casting lil to lock the air regulating ring 10 in anydesired adjusted position. When the screw 13 is loose, it may be used asa handle for rotating more or'less the ring 10. Preferably, there arethree of these cams carried by ring 10, though a greater or even lessnumber might be used without departing from the spirit of the invention.When it is desired to reduce the passageway 34, the ring 10 is rotateduntil the cams 14 have beenmoved upwardly on the pins 12 suiciently toraise the ring 10 the desired distance to reduce the passageway 34.After the ring 10 has once been adjusted for a given quantity of oil andfor a given pressure in which it is fed into the device, the ring isleft alone until the oil is changed or some other adjustment has beenmade. Ordinarily, the ring 10 after it has once been adjusted is left inplace even,though slightly different qualities of oil are used.

During the operation of the burner and afterl it has been shut down, aircontinues to ow During the functhrough opening 35 so as to dischargeinto the tioning of the burner the passage of air through passageway 34not only keeps the motor and other parts cool but permits the air tobecome warmed by reason of this contact with plate I4 so that it isappreciably warmed before it is mixed with the sprayed oil. In this waythe heat is maintained at the desired point and coolness is alsomaintained at the desired point, namel at and near the motor 2.

I claim:-

l. In a burner of the character described, a re ring having a groovedlower portion and an upstanding wall notched on the upper edge forforming a plurality of spaced heat radiating iingers, a centrallyapertured heat insulating plate for supporting said re ring, and a drainring having a depending annular flange extending into the aperture insaid plate and the periphery extending beneath the inner edge of said rering for draining excessive oil from the re ring.

2. In an oil burner, a hearth structure including an annular metalplate, an annular cement ring carried by said plate and positioned to`cover the plate and engage the side walls of the furnace in which theburner is mounted, an annular drain ring mounted on said cement ring andoverlapping the first mentioned ring so as to drain through the centralopening thereof, and a fire ring having an annular abutment restingagainst the edge of the drain ring, and a projection extending over partof the upper edge of the drain ring, said re ring also having anupwardly and outwardly extending oil receiving wall merging into aplurality of substantially flaring fingers.

3. In an oil burner for furnaces, a hearth structure including anannular plate having an upstanding wall at its inner edge, a drain ringoverlapping said upstanding wall, and a metallic re ring overlapping theouter edge of said drain ring, said fire ring including a groovedportion for receiving oil when the same fails to ignite, and 'anupwardly and outwardly extending notched portion for receiving anddeecting the oil upwardly, the notched portion acting to spread the oiland oil vapor.

4. In an oil burner for furnaces, a hearth including a supportingstructure, an annular heat insulating ring and a fire ring having a baseportion resting .on said heat insulating ring and an upwardly andoutwardly inclined oil receiving wall, the upper edge of said wall beingnotched to present spaced fingers, said fingers being narrow and thincompared to the thickness of the re ring so as to quickly heat andthereby produce an increased carburetion of the oil and air at the upperedge of the fire ring.

5. In an oil burner, a metallic 'lire ring having a centrally positionedgrooved portion, an outer K wall having upstanding fingers and an innerwall FRANK cozzoLI.

